Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Swine Meat Juice
foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious agent impact the livestock industry worldwide, causing significant financial losses. the impact can be avoided or minimized if a virus is detected early. FMDV detection relies on vesicular fluid, epithelial tag, swabs, serum, and other types of samples from live animals. These samples may not always be available, necessitating the use of alternative sample types. meat juice (MJ), collected after freeze-thaw cycles of the skeletal muscles, is kind of potential samples for the detection of FMDV, especially when illegal meat imports.
We have conducted experiments to evaluate the suitability of MJ for detecting FMDV. MJ collected from pigs experimentally infected with FMDV. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from MJ, sera, oral swabs, and lymph nodes of the same animals and tested for FMDV by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR). MJ also tested for FMDV antigen by Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFI). FMDV RNA was detected in MJ by RRT-PCR starting from day one post infection (DPI) and as late as 21 DPI. In contrast, FMDV RNA was detected in the sera at 1-7 DPI.
Antigen was also detected in MJ at 1-9 DPI by LFI. live virus are not isolated directly from MJ, but recovered from the viral genome by transfection into susceptible cells. Data show that MJ is kind of a good example for the detection of FMDV. Keywords: FMDV RNA; FMDV antigen; foot and mouth disease; meat juice; skeletal muscle.
Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Swine Meat Juice
Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in livestock Al-Madinah (Saudi Arabia)
Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis, which has a serious impact on human and / or animal health, resulting in significant economic losses. Echinococcus granulosus comprises a number of intra-specific variants or strains at the genetic level. In Saudi Arabia, some studies conducted on the genetic variation within the species Echinococcus.
Therefore, this study aims to determine the phenotypic and genetic characterization of hydatid cyst harbored by sheep and camels in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah. Samples of hydatid cysts were collected from local sheep (n = 25) and camel (n = 8). Criteria morphology of protoscoleces investigated. To investigate the molecular characterization, random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) is performed. DNA was extracted from individual fertile cysts and target RAPD-PCR analysis (using five arbitrary primer) and PCR amplification of cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) and 12S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (12S rRNA) genes. The PCR products were subjected to SSCP analysis for genetic discrimination in isolates of E. granulosus.
In addition, some mitochondrial DNA gene sequencing COX1 achieved to assess the phylogenetic position of the isolates collected using several global order that data published COX1 gene. Hooks rostellar local camel and sheep isolates showed tremendous variability in their dimensions. Five different SSCP patterns identified in the 12S rRNA gene, show intraspecific variation in E. granulosus local camels and sheep. Sequence (COX1) gene from both local sheep and camel shows a high similarity with those of the same gene (E. granulosus sensu stricto) published in the NCBI BLAST.
